mirror of
https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib.git
synced 2026-04-12 11:48:30 +00:00
Add Cookbook other topics (draft)
This commit is contained in:
85
docs-src/pages/en/cookbook/w04-websocket-binary.md
Normal file
85
docs-src/pages/en/cookbook/w04-websocket-binary.md
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: "W04. Send and Receive Binary Frames"
|
||||
order: 54
|
||||
status: "draft"
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
WebSocket has two frame types: text and binary. JSON and plain text go in text frames; images and raw protocol bytes go in binary. In cpp-httplib, `send()` picks the right type via overload.
|
||||
|
||||
## How to pick a frame type
|
||||
|
||||
```cpp
|
||||
ws.send(std::string("Hello")); // text
|
||||
ws.send("Hello", 5); // binary
|
||||
ws.send(binary_data, binary_data_size); // binary
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The `std::string` overload sends as **text**. The `const char*` + size overload sends as **binary**. A bit subtle, but once you know it, it sticks.
|
||||
|
||||
If you have a `std::string` and want to send it as binary, pass `.data()` and `.size()` explicitly.
|
||||
|
||||
```cpp
|
||||
std::string raw = build_binary_payload();
|
||||
ws.send(raw.data(), raw.size()); // binary frame
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Detect frame type on receive
|
||||
|
||||
The return value of `ws.read()` tells you whether the received frame was text or binary.
|
||||
|
||||
```cpp
|
||||
std::string msg;
|
||||
auto result = ws.read(msg);
|
||||
|
||||
switch (result) {
|
||||
case httplib::ws::ReadResult::Text:
|
||||
std::cout << "text: " << msg << std::endl;
|
||||
break;
|
||||
case httplib::ws::ReadResult::Binary:
|
||||
std::cout << "binary: " << msg.size() << " bytes" << std::endl;
|
||||
handle_binary(msg.data(), msg.size());
|
||||
break;
|
||||
case httplib::ws::ReadResult::Fail:
|
||||
// error or closed
|
||||
break;
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Binary frames still come back in a `std::string`, but treat its contents as raw bytes — use `msg.data()` and `msg.size()`.
|
||||
|
||||
## When binary is the right call
|
||||
|
||||
- **Images, video, audio**: No Base64 overhead
|
||||
- **Custom protocols**: protobuf, MessagePack, or any structured binary format
|
||||
- **Game networking**: When latency matters
|
||||
- **Sensor data streams**: Push numeric arrays directly
|
||||
|
||||
## Ping is binary-ish, but hidden
|
||||
|
||||
WebSocket Ping/Pong frames are close cousins of binary frames at the opcode level, but cpp-httplib handles them automatically — you don't touch them. See W02. Set a WebSocket Heartbeat.
|
||||
|
||||
## Example: send an image
|
||||
|
||||
```cpp
|
||||
// Server: push an image
|
||||
svr.WebSocket("/image", [](const auto &req, auto &ws) {
|
||||
auto img = read_image_file("logo.png");
|
||||
ws.send(img.data(), img.size());
|
||||
});
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```cpp
|
||||
// Client: receive and save
|
||||
httplib::ws::WebSocketClient cli("ws://localhost:8080/image");
|
||||
cli.connect();
|
||||
|
||||
std::string buf;
|
||||
if (cli.read(buf) == httplib::ws::ReadResult::Binary) {
|
||||
std::ofstream ofs("received.png", std::ios::binary);
|
||||
ofs.write(buf.data(), buf.size());
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You can mix text and binary in the same connection. A common pattern: JSON for control messages, binary for the actual data — you get efficient handling of metadata and payload both.
|
||||
|
||||
> **Note:** WebSocket frames don't have an infinite size limit. For very large data, chunk it in your application code. cpp-httplib can handle a big frame in one shot, but it does load it all into memory at once.
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user