Files
cpp-httplib/docs/ja/tour/05-tls-setup/index.html
2026-02-28 20:58:42 -05:00

194 lines
15 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters
This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="ja" data-base-path="&#x2F;cpp-httplib">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>TLS Setup - cpp-httplib</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib/css/main.css">
<script>
(function() {
var t = localStorage.getItem('preferred-theme');
if (!t) t = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: light)').matches ? 'light' : 'dark';
if (t === 'light') document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', 'light');
})();
</script>
</head>
<body>
<header class="header">
<div class="header-inner">
<a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib/ja/" class="header-title">cpp-httplib <span style="font-size:0.75em;font-weight:normal;margin-left:4px">v0.35.0</span></a>
<div class="header-spacer"></div>
<nav class="header-nav">
<a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib/ja/">Home</a>
<a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib/ja/tour/">Tour</a>
</nav>
<div class="header-tools">
<button class="theme-toggle" aria-label="Toggle theme"></button>
<div class="lang-selector">
<button class="lang-btn" aria-label="Language">JA</button>
<ul class="lang-popup">
<li><a href="#" data-lang="en">EN</a></li>
<li><a href="#" data-lang="ja">JA</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<button class="sidebar-toggle" aria-label="Menu">&#9776;</button>
</div>
</header>
<div class="layout has-sidebar">
<aside class="sidebar">
<nav class="sidebar-nav">
<div class="nav-section">
<a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib&#x2F;ja&#x2F;tour&#x2F;" class="nav-section-title active">A Tour of cpp-httplib</a>
<ul class="nav-list">
<li><a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib&#x2F;ja&#x2F;tour&#x2F;01-getting-started&#x2F;" class="">Getting Started</a></li>
<li><a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib&#x2F;ja&#x2F;tour&#x2F;02-basic-client&#x2F;" class="">Basic Client</a></li>
<li><a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib&#x2F;ja&#x2F;tour&#x2F;03-basic-server&#x2F;" class="">Basic Server</a></li>
<li><a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib&#x2F;ja&#x2F;tour&#x2F;04-static-file-server&#x2F;" class="">Static File Server</a></li>
<li><a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib&#x2F;ja&#x2F;tour&#x2F;05-tls-setup&#x2F;" class="active">TLS Setup</a></li>
<li><a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib&#x2F;ja&#x2F;tour&#x2F;06-https-client&#x2F;" class="">HTTPS Client</a></li>
<li><a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib&#x2F;ja&#x2F;tour&#x2F;07-https-server&#x2F;" class="">HTTPS Server</a></li>
<li><a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib&#x2F;ja&#x2F;tour&#x2F;08-websocket&#x2F;" class="">WebSocket</a></li>
<li><a href="&#x2F;cpp-httplib&#x2F;ja&#x2F;tour&#x2F;09-whats-next&#x2F;" class="">What&#x27;s Next</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
</aside>
<main class="content">
<article>
<h1>TLS Setup</h1>
<p>ここまではHTTP平文でやってきましたが、実際のWebではHTTPS暗号化通信が当たり前ですよね。cpp-httplibでHTTPSを使うには、TLSライブラリが必要です。</p>
<p>このTourではOpenSSLを使います。最も広く使われていて、情報も豊富です。</p>
<h2>OpenSSLのインストール</h2>
<p>お使いのOSに合わせてインストールしましょう。</p>
<table><thead><tr><th>OS</th><th>インストール方法</th></tr></thead><tbody>
<tr><td>macOS</td><td><a href="https://brew.sh/">Homebrew</a> (<code>brew install openssl</code>)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Ubuntu / Debian</td><td><code>sudo apt install libssl-dev</code></td></tr>
<tr><td>Windows</td><td><a href="https://vcpkg.io/">vcpkg</a> (<code>vcpkg install openssl</code>)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2>コンパイルオプション</h2>
<p>TLS機能を有効にするには、<code>CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT</code> マクロを定義してコンパイルします。前章までのコンパイルコマンドに、いくつかオプションが増えます。</p>
<div class="code-dark"><pre style="background-color:#2d2d2d;">
<span style="color:#747369;"># macOS (Homebrew)
</span><span style="color:#6699cc;">clang++</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -std</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">=c++17</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">\
</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -I</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">$</span><span style="color:#f2777a;">(</span><span style="color:#6699cc;">brew</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> --prefix openssl)</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">/include \
</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -L</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">$</span><span style="color:#f2777a;">(</span><span style="color:#6699cc;">brew</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> --prefix openssl)</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">/lib \
</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -lssl -lcrypto </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">\
</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -framework</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> CoreFoundation</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -framework</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> Security \
</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -o</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> server server.cpp
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">
</span><span style="color:#747369;"># Linux
</span><span style="color:#6699cc;">clang++</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -std</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">=c++17</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -pthread -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">\
</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -lssl -lcrypto </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">\
</span><span style="color:#f2777a;"> -o</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> server server.cpp
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">
</span><span style="color:#747369;"># Windows (Developer Command Prompt)
</span><span style="color:#6699cc;">cl</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> /EHsc /std:c++17 /DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT server.cpp libssl.lib libcrypto.lib
</span></pre>
</div><div class="code-light"><pre style="background-color:#eff1f5;">
<span style="color:#a7adba;"># macOS (Homebrew)
</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">clang++</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -std</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">=c++17</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">\
</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -I</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">$</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">(</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">brew</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> --prefix openssl)</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">/include \
</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -L</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">$</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">(</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">brew</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> --prefix openssl)</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">/lib \
</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -lssl -lcrypto </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">\
</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -framework</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> CoreFoundation</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -framework</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> Security \
</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -o</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> server server.cpp
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">
</span><span style="color:#a7adba;"># Linux
</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">clang++</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -std</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">=c++17</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -pthread -DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">\
</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -lssl -lcrypto </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">\
</span><span style="color:#bf616a;"> -o</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> server server.cpp
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">
</span><span style="color:#a7adba;"># Windows (Developer Command Prompt)
</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">cl</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> /EHsc /std:c++17 /DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT server.cpp libssl.lib libcrypto.lib
</span></pre>
</div>
<p>それぞれのオプションの役割を見てみましょう。</p>
<ul>
<li><strong><code>-DCPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT</code></strong> — TLS機能を有効にするマクロ定義</li>
<li><strong><code>-lssl -lcrypto</code></strong> — OpenSSLのライブラリをリンク</li>
<li><strong><code>-I</code> / <code>-L</code></strong>macOSのみ— Homebrew版OpenSSLのパスを指定</li>
<li><strong><code>-framework CoreFoundation -framework Security</code></strong>macOSのみ— Keychainからシステム証明書を自動で読み込むために必要です</li>
</ul>
<h2>動作確認</h2>
<p>ちゃんと動くか確認してみましょう。<code>httplib::Client</code> にHTTPSのURLを渡してアクセスするだけのプログラムです。</p>
<div class="code-dark"><pre style="background-color:#2d2d2d;">
<span style="color:#cc99cc;">#define </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
</span><span style="color:#cc99cc;">#include </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#99cc99;">httplib.h</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">&quot;
</span><span style="color:#cc99cc;">#include </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#99cc99;">iostream</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">&gt;
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">
</span><span style="color:#cc99cc;">int </span><span style="color:#6699cc;">main</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">() {
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> httplib::Client </span><span style="color:#6699cc;">cli</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">(&quot;</span><span style="color:#99cc99;">https://www.google.com</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">&quot;);
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> </span><span style="color:#cc99cc;">auto</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> res = cli.</span><span style="color:#6699cc;">Get</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">(&quot;</span><span style="color:#99cc99;">/</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">&quot;);
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> </span><span style="color:#cc99cc;">if </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">(res) {
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;</span><span style="color:#99cc99;">Status: </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">&quot; &lt;&lt; res-&gt;</span><span style="color:#f2777a;">status </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">&lt;&lt; std::endl;
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> } </span><span style="color:#cc99cc;">else </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">{
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;</span><span style="color:#99cc99;">Error: </span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">&quot; &lt;&lt; </span><span style="color:#6699cc;">httplib::to_string</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">(res.</span><span style="color:#6699cc;">error</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">()) &lt;&lt; std::endl;
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;"> }
</span><span style="color:#d3d0c8;">}
</span></pre>
</div><div class="code-light"><pre style="background-color:#eff1f5;">
<span style="color:#b48ead;">#define </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT
</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">#include </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">&quot;</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">httplib.h</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">&quot;
</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">#include </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">iostream</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">&gt;
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">
</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">int </span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">main</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">() {
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> httplib::Client </span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">cli</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">(&quot;</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">https://www.google.com</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">&quot;);
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> res = cli.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">(&quot;</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">&quot;);
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">if </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">(res) {
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Status: </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">&quot; &lt;&lt; res-&gt;</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">status </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">&lt;&lt; std::endl;
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> } </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">else </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">{
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Error: </span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">&quot; &lt;&lt; </span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">httplib::to_string</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">(res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">error</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">()) &lt;&lt; std::endl;
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;"> }
</span><span style="color:#4f5b66;">}
</span></pre>
</div>
<p>コンパイルして実行してみてください。<code>Status: 200</code> と表示されれば、セットアップ完了です。</p>
<h2>他のTLSバックエンド</h2>
<p>cpp-httplibはOpenSSL以外にも、Mbed TLSとwolfSSLに対応しています。マクロ定義とリンクするライブラリを変えるだけで切り替えられます。</p>
<table><thead><tr><th style="text-align: left">バックエンド</th><th style="text-align: left">マクロ定義</th><th style="text-align: left">リンクするライブラリ</th></tr></thead><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: left">OpenSSL</td><td style="text-align: left"><code>CPPHTTPLIB_OPENSSL_SUPPORT</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code>libssl</code>, <code>libcrypto</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left">Mbed TLS</td><td style="text-align: left"><code>CPPHTTPLIB_MBEDTLS_SUPPORT</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code>libmbedtls</code>, <code>libmbedx509</code>, <code>libmbedcrypto</code></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align: left">wolfSSL</td><td style="text-align: left"><code>CPPHTTPLIB_WOLFSSL_SUPPORT</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code>libwolfssl</code></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>このTourではOpenSSLを前提に進めますが、APIはどのバックエンドでも共通です。</p>
<h2>次のステップ</h2>
<p>TLSの準備ができましたね。次は、HTTPSサイトにリクエストを送ってみましょう。</p>
<p><strong>次:</strong> <a href="../06-https-client">HTTPS Client</a></p>
</article>
</main>
</div>
<footer class="footer">
&copy; 2026 yhirose. All rights reserved.
</footer>
<script src="&#x2F;cpp-httplib/js/main.js"></script>
</body>
</html>