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50 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
50 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "S11. Authenticate Per Route with a Pre-Request Handler"
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order: 30
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status: "draft"
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---
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The `set_pre_routing_handler()` from [S09. Add pre-processing to all routes](../s09-pre-routing) runs **before routing**, so it has no idea which route matched. When you want per-route behavior, `set_pre_request_handler()` is what you need.
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## Pre-routing vs. pre-request
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| Hook | When it runs | Route info | Request body |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| `set_pre_routing_handler` | Before routing | Not available | Not read yet |
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| `set_pre_request_handler` | After routing, right before the route handler | Available via `req.matched_route` | Not read yet |
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In a pre-request handler, `req.matched_route` holds the **pattern string** that matched. You can vary behavior based on the route definition itself.
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Because the body has not been read when the pre-request handler runs, you can reject a request — for example on a failed auth check — without consuming a (potentially large) request body. Note that this also means `req.body` and form fields parsed from the body are not available here; inspect headers, the path, query parameters, or `req.matched_route` instead.
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## Switch auth per route
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```cpp
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svr.set_pre_request_handler(
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[](const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
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// require auth for routes starting with /admin
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if (req.matched_route.rfind("/admin", 0) == 0) {
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auto token = req.get_header_value("Authorization");
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if (!is_admin_token(token)) {
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res.status = 403;
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res.set_content("forbidden", "text/plain");
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return httplib::Server::HandlerResponse::Handled;
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}
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}
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return httplib::Server::HandlerResponse::Unhandled;
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});
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```
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`matched_route` is the pattern **before** path parameters are expanded (e.g. `/admin/users/:id`). You compare against the route definition, not the actual request path, so IDs or names don't throw you off.
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## Return values
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Same as pre-routing — return `HandlerResponse`.
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- `Unhandled`: continue (the route handler runs)
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- `Handled`: we're done, skip the route handler
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## Passing auth info to the route handler
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To pass decoded user info into the route handler, use `res.user_data`. See [S12. Pass data between handlers with `res.user_data`](../s12-user-data).
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